Measurement of the pilling properties of fabrics by the Martindale tester

1. Scope 1.1 This method is suitable for judging the ability of fabrics to resist pilling and other changes in surface properties. The instrument used is the Martindale tester, which is suitable for all kinds of knitted and woven fabrics. 1.2 This method is not suitable for fabrics with a thickness of more than 3mm (0.125in). 1.3 Specimens may be washed or dry cleaned prior to testing. 2. Principle 2.1 Judging the pilling of the fabric and other related changes on the surface, for example, using a test instrument to simulate the pilling that occurs in normal wearing. Under slight pressure, the sample mounted on the sample holder and the fabric on the grinding table are rubbed against each other in a certain geometric pattern, and then the sample on the grinding table is compared with the standard sample for rating. 3. Equipment and reference materials 3.1 Martindale tester 3.2 Standard felt: gram weight 750±50g/m2 (22±1.5oz/yd2), thickness 3±0.3mm (0.12±0.01in). 3.3 Polyurethane foam, density 29-31kg/m3, thickness 3±0.01mm. 3.4 Rating box: cool white fluorescent lamp, holder for placing test samples and standard rating samples. 3.5 Standard internal pilling detection cloth: According to the actual situation, save the fabric of known pilling level to check the performance of the instrument. 3.6 Grading sample photos: a set of about 105mm wide, press“very serious pilling”arrive“no ball”Indicates the degree of pilling, numbered from 1 to 5 in order. 3.7 Sampler: 38mm (1.5in) diameter and 140mm (5.5in) diameter. 3.8 Water washing equipment (if necessary) 3.9 Dry cleaning equipment (if necessary) 4. 4. Preparation of samples 4.1 Unless otherwise specified, samples should be washed or dry cleaned before sampling. 4.2 Use two samplers to take four 140mm and 38mm samples from the sample to be tested. 4.3 The principles to be followed for sampling are: take samples immediately on the sample, if the sample is clothing, take samples from different parts; each sample does not contain the same yarn; do not sample from the wrinkled or defective position; At a position that is more than 1/10 of the entire width of the fabric from the edge of the fabric. 4.4 The sample to be tested is in 21±1°C, 65±Under the constant temperature and humidity condition of 2%RH, adjust the humidity and let it stand for at least 4 hours. 5. Test Procedure 5.1 All test procedures are to be performed under standard atmospheric conditions. 5.2 Place a piece of felt with a diameter of 140mm and a piece of sample with a diameter of 140mm on each grinding table in turn, flatten the sample and felt with a heavy hammer (make sure there are no wrinkles, if not, repeat the above process), and fix the ring. 5.3 Place the specimen with a diameter of 38 mm (1.5 in) facing outward and the polyurethane foam in turn on the specimen holder. 5.4 Put the sample holder on the grinding table, and insert the mandrel into the sample holder, that is, the test sample on the grinding table exerts a pressure of 3Kpa. 5.5 The counter needs to be adjusted to zero position, preset 100 revolutions, start the machine, after 100 revolutions, the instrument will stop automatically. 5.6 Place the ground samples in the rating box. 5.7 Compare the photo of the rating sample with the test sample, and see that the°eye rating. When the surface effect after grinding is between two grades, it can be rated as half grade, such as 3.5 or 2.5. Note: 5—— No pilling 4—— Slight pilling 3—— Medium pilling 2—— Severe pilling 1—— Very heavy pilling For reference, at least 2 people are usually required to rate individually. 5.8 Calculate the average of the rating results. 6. Reporting 6.1 The test method used, ASTM D 4970, describes the test specimen and the method of sampling. 6.2 The grade and average value of each test sample. 6.3 If the sample has been washed, the washing conditions shall be reported. 6.4 Number of runs. 6.5 Type of grading box, sample grading card used.
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