Research on Antistatic Properties of Wool Fabrics

Commonly used textile materials are poor conductors of electricity. In the process of production and processing and clothing wearing, due to contact and friction, charges are transferred and accumulated on the surface of the fabric, resulting in static electricity, which leads to inconvenience in production and processing, and affects the beauty and comfort of wearing. . As a high-grade textile fabric, worsted wool fabric has serious electrostatic phenomenon. Therefore, improving the antistatic performance of wool fabric has always been one of the important issues faced by worsted spinning enterprises. At present, the commonly used methods in production practice are mainly to add antistatic fibers or conductive fibers, or to use antistatic finishing agents for antistatic finishing of textiles. The former method is monotonous in color and is suitable for fabric processing such as work clothes, while the latter method is widely used to solve the static electricity problem of various wool fabrics. The basic principles and methods of fabric antistatic finishing include: reducing the generation of static electricity; accelerating the leakage of static electricity; creating conditions that can neutralize static electricity. The mechanism of action of the antistatic agent is generally considered to be that the antistatic agent can form a conductive continuous film, endow the fiber surface with certain hygroscopicity and ionicity, and achieve the purpose of antistatic. Antistatic agents are divided into two categories: temporary and durable. Durable antistatic agents can still maintain good antistatic effect after more than 20 washings. In this paper, different antistatic agents were used to finish wool fabrics, the effect of antistatic finishing was compared, and the antistatic agents suitable for wool fabrics were screened out. It provides reference for the development and production of woolen products. 1. Experimental part 1. Experimental materials and equipment Experimental materials: worsted wool fabric (provided by Shandong Ruyi Group, 21 right twill weave, 260 g m2); antistatic agent Ciba (Ciba Company), FK-312 wool Antistatic agent, anionic antistatic agent 1214PK (China Textile Academy), amphoteric antistatic agent betaine, cationic antistatic agent 1227 (Tianjin University of Technology), antistatic agent 1, antistatic agent 2 (Shandong Ruyi Group) a total of 7 kinds Different types of antistatic finishing agents are commercial preparations. Experimental equipment: NM-450 air pressure test rolling mill (Japan); DK-5E needle plate tenter type baking machine (Japan); dry and wet balancer; S-5109 electrostatic half-life tester (Japan). 2. Experimental method ①. Finishing method In the experiment, the fabric adopts two-dipping and two-rolling ※100 ℃ drying ※Baking finishing process, in which the baking temperature is determined according to the optimum baking temperature of the finishing agent used, and the finishing process conditions of different fabrics. ②. The soaping method is to measure the fastness of antistatic finishing, and the washing resistance of the finished fabric is tested according to JISL0217—103 'Japanese Washing Standards' to implement. Using a neutral detergent, wash and dry under the standard water flow of a household double-tub washing machine, repeating 20 times (to prevent the fabric from deforming, put it into a self-sewn polyester bag for washing). Among them, the sample numbers of No. 1 to No. 8 samples after soaping are denoted as 1 respectively.′~ 8′. ③、Test method according to standard FZ T 01042—1996 'Determination of electrostatic half-life of electrostatic properties of textile materials', to determine the electrostatic half-life of finished fabrics, the shorter the half-life, the better the antistatic effect. The finished fabrics were placed in a dry-wet balancer and equilibrated at 20 ℃ and 30 % relative humidity for 48 h; the antistatic effect of the finished fabrics with different finishing agents was tested by electrostatic half-life method. 2. Experimental results and analysis 1. Comparison of finishing effects of different antistatic agents Describes the electrostatic half-life of fabrics after finishing with different antistatic agents. It can be seen from the figure that the electrostatic half-life of No. 2, No. 3 and No. 5 samples after finishing is small, the charge conduction speed is fast, and it is not easy to cause charge accumulation, and has a good antistatic effect. The electrostatic half-life is significantly increased, and the antistatic effect is significantly weakened. The Ciba finishing agent used in sample No. 2 is a non-ionic antistatic agent, which is a compound emulsion of hydrophilic polymer and polysiloxane. After finishing, the hydrophilic polymer component can be used in wool. The surface of the fiber forms a hydrophilic film, and the polysiloxane component forms a network cross-linked polymer. The two complement each other, which can not only produce a good antistatic effect, but also ensure a certain durability.
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