Several methods for testing the burning properties of fabrics

Textile products are closely related to human's daily life. From clothing to household items to home decorations, human beings are in close contact with fabrics every moment. The combustion characteristics of textiles are an implicit feature of concern to human safety. In production, processing and import and export transactions, this feature is also an important indicator for judging whether the fabric is qualified or not. For children's clothing, pajamas, bedding, carpets, curtains, etc., we require them to have good flame retardancy, and there are higher requirements for the flame retardancy of fire-fighting, military and aerospace textiles. For commonly used fabrics, we also require them to be within a certain burning speed range. At present, there are several methods for testing the burning characteristics of fabrics: 1. Vertical burning test method: Ignite the sample from directly below the vertically hanging sample strip, test the after-burning time, smoldering time and damage length or area of ​​the sample. to evaluate the flame retardant properties of textiles. This method is suitable for testing the combustion characteristics of children's clothing, decorative fabrics, laminated fabrics, coated fabrics, etc. Compliant standards: ASTM D6413-99, DOC-FF 3/71, CALIF TB-117, GB/T 5455, CPAI-84. The test instrument is a vertical combustion tester. It is mainly composed of stainless steel combustion chamber (equipped with observation doors and windows), automatic ignition system, timing system, sample fixture, gas supply system, etc. After the standard ignition time, the afterburning and smoldering time of the fabric can be accurately recorded through the buttons on the control panel and the timing display device, so as to judge its combustion characteristics. 2. Horizontal flammability test method: For the horizontally placed sample ignition to the standard time, measure the flame spread distance and time, and use the flame spread rate to characterize the flame retardant properties of the fabric. This method is suitable for testing all kinds of textiles, especially automotive interior fabrics. Compliant standards are: ISO 3795, FMVSS 302, DIN 75200, SAE J369, ASTM D5132, JIS D1201, AU169, FZ/T 01028. The test instrument is a horizontal combustion tester. The instrument is equipped with a sealed stainless steel combustion chamber and observation window, which is resistant to high temperature and high pressure. It has a suspended eardrum structure with steel springs and a damping system for smooth operation. Equipped with a sample holder and a door burner, the sample holder can be moved up and down and left and right. Basic mode comes with manual timing controls. Equipped with automatic gas control system including electromagnetic control gas valve, automatic ignition timer and controller. 3. 45-degree burning test method: ignite the sample placed in the 45-degree direction, measure the time required for the flame on the sample to burn up a certain distance, or measure the afterburning and smoldering time, damage area and damage of the sample after burning Length, or measure the number of times the flame needs to be lifted when the sample burns to a certain distance from the lower end of the sample. This law applies to the flammability test of textiles for consumption. Compliant standards are: ASTM D1230, FTMS 191-5908, CFR 16 Part1610, CAL IF TB117, NFPA702, GB/T 14644 The test instrument is a 45 degree combustion tester, and the configuration is similar to the above two combustion testers. All contain ignition system, timing system, air supply system and basic combustion chamber and bracket. According to the standard, the ignition time is much shorter than the above two instruments, generally 1s. After the fabric is ignited, it burns to the cotton thread, the cotton thread burns and the weight falls, which triggers the stop switch, and the display shows the burning time. 4. Others have special test methods and instruments for some specific materials: 1. Horizontal combustion performance tester for leather materials 2. Bed blanket combustion tester 3. Carpet combustion tester 4. Sleeping bag combustion tester 5. Curtain combustion tester More about Flammability Testing Instruments: http://www.standard-groups.com/FlammabilityTesting/
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