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The north uses electric floor heating for heating, and gradually realizes 'coal-free' energy saving and environmental protection
In the past, most of the northern regions of China, especially the rural areas, used coal for heating, and the large amount of sulfur dioxide and dust particles produced could easily cause air pollution. To improve air quality,“Coal to Electricity”electric floor heating,“coal to gas”and other clean energy transformation projects are being carried out in the north. The proportion of clean heating in Beijing is high in Beijing, 700 villages“Coal to clean energy”The task was overfulfilled, and the six districts of the city and the southern plains will be basically completed within the year.“Coal-free”. The clean energy transformation of more than 10,000 steam tons of coal-fired boilers and the low nitrogen treatment of more than 19,000 steam tons of gas-fired boilers have been completed, both of which have exceeded the annual tasks ahead of schedule. It is reported that in the heating and heating season in Beijing from 2017 to 2018, the city's new heating area will reach 30 million square meters, and the total heating area will reach 840 million square meters. This year, the proportion of clean energy heating in the city's heating can reach more than 97%. It is not only Beijing that has changed. Eight of the 11 cities in Shanxi, a major coal province, have designated coal-free zones. While strictly controlling the use of coal, they have accelerated the replacement of electricity and natural gas for heating. In Shandong, the Zibo power supply department began to promote ground source heat pumps in residential areas, extracting the temperature of the underground soil to participate in heating, and 1 kWh of electricity can achieve 4 kWh of electricity. The effect of clean energy is beginning to show. Clean energy, that is, green energy, refers to energy that does not emit pollutants and can be directly used for production and life. It includes nuclear energy and“Renewable Energy”. In March of this year, the last large coal-fired unit of Huaneng Beijing Thermal Power Plant was shut down, marking the entry of a coal-free era for local power generation in Beijing. In recent years, with the vigorous implementation of Beijing“Coal to Electricity”,“coal to gas”In 2016, the consumption of natural gas has reached 16 billion cubic meters, of which more than 60% is used for heating. In the past, nearly 1/4 of Tianjin's PM2.5 came from burning coal, and the prevention and control of coal-burning pollution is the top priority of air pollution control. To this end, Tianjin upgrades and transforms the high-voltage power grid and vigorously promotes“Coal to Electricity”project to replace coal-fired with clean heating electricity. Powerful rectification and vigorous promotion of clean energy have made the effect of air treatment begin to show. Minister of Environmental Protection Li Ganjie said that the unfavorable situation in which the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding cities increased by 23.5% year-on-year from January to February this year has been fully reversed, and it fell by 9.8% year-on-year from March to November 15; Beijing The concentration of PM2.5 has been lower than 60 micrograms/m3 for 7 consecutive months, reaching the best level in recent years.“Coal-free”The goal can be expected—2020)', clarified the next step to reduce coal burning. In terms of bulk coal treatment, the three will strengthen the guidance of coal use, strictly implement commercial coal quality standards, and actively promote the application of advanced coal upgrading and processing technologies. By 2020, the plain area of Beijing will be basically realized“Coal-free”; In addition to the use of anthracite briquette in the mountainous area, Tianjin City has basically cleared the heating scattered coal in other areas; the heating scattered coal in the plain and rural areas of Hebei Province has basically been cleared, and the total amount of rural heating coal in remote areas such as Shanba is controlled within 8 million tons. . According to incomplete statistics from the National Energy Administration, more than 4 million households in 28 cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas have achieved clean heating through various means. At the same time, the 'Winter Clean Heating Plan for the Northern Region' jointly compiled by ten ministries and commissions of the state will be released soon. In the next five years, funds from all parties will be guided to participate in clean heating construction through various channels, and a complete clean heating industry system will be gradually built.“Coal-free”goal is gradually becoming a reality.
1. ISO 5402-1: Specifies the flexometer method for testing leather flex resistance under repeated bending.
2. ISO 17694: Defines test methods for footwear upper and lining flex resistance, simulating real-world bending stress to assess long-term durability.
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