Gester Instruments | Professional Textile, Footwear and PPE Testing Equipments Manufacturers Since 1997
Analysis of factors affecting the color fastness of fabrics to rubbing
The dyeing color fastness of textiles is one of the testing indicators that the textile industry is concerned about. The dyeing of textiles is related to many conditions. Different colors can be dyed by controlling different conditions. Similarly, in order to dye a qualified fabric, it must be strictly To control each dyeing procedure, then we need to understand which factors will affect the dyeing color fastness of textiles. (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. will analyze it for you. 1. Reasons affecting the rubbing fastness of dyed fabrics Color fastness to rubbing is one of the color fastness inspections of textiles, and it is also one of the most common inspection items in the process of textile trade. It refers to the fading of dyed fabrics after rubbing. Degree is to assess the resistance of dyes to mechanical friction, which is divided into dry friction and wet friction. A piece of dry rubbing cloth and a piece of wet rubbing cloth are rubbed, and finally, the degree of staining of the white cloth is used as the evaluation basis, and the standard gray sample card is compared with 5 grades. The higher the grade, the better the rubbing fastness, and the poorer rubbing fastness. will seriously affect its use. There are many factors that affect the color fastness to rubbing of fabrics, some of which are analyzed below. 1. The influence of the surface morphology of the fabric Unfixed dyes are the main reason for the poor color fastness to rubbing. Under dry conditions, for rough surface or sanded, raised fabrics, hard such as hemp fabrics, denim fabrics and pigment printing fabrics If dry rubbing is carried out, the dyes, coatings or other colored substances accumulated on the surface of the fabric are easily ground down, and even some colored fibers are broken and colored particles are formed, which further reduces the color fastness to dry rubbing. For sanded or raised fabrics, the fluff on the surface of the fabric is at a certain angle with the surface of the friction cloth, which is not parallel, so that the frictional resistance of the friction head during reciprocating motion increases, and the drying resistance of such fabrics is increased. The color fastness to rubbing decreased. 2. The research on the influence of dyeing degree also proves that the color fastness to wet rubbing of reactive dye-dyed fabrics is closely related to the depth of dyeing, that is, when wet rubbing is performed, the amount of color transfer and dyeing depth are almost in a good linear relationship. , the supersaturation of dyes is the most important factor when dyeing. When dyeing dark colors, the concentration of dyes used is higher, but cannot greatly exceed the saturation value, because excess dyes cannot be combined with fibers, but can only accumulate on the surface of the fabric. Floating color is formed, which seriously affects the color fastness to wet rubbing of the fabric. In addition, cotton fibers without special treatment will swell under wet conditions, increase friction, and decrease fiber strength, all of which create good conditions for colored fibers to break, fall off and color transfer. Therefore, proper pretreatment of cellulose fibers before dyeing, such as mercerizing, singeing, cellulase finishing, scouring, bleaching, washing, drying, can improve the surface finish and wool effect of the fabric, and reduce frictional resistance , Reduce floating color, thereby effectively improving the color fastness to wet rubbing of the fabric. 3. Influence of fabric structure The influence of fabric structure and surface morphology of fabric on color fastness to rubbing has not been paid much attention. The surface of the sample of light and thin fabrics (usually synthetic fibers or silk fabrics), due to the relatively loose fabric structure, during dry friction, the sample will occur with the movement of the friction head under the action of pressure and friction. Part of the slippage, thereby increasing the frictional resistance and improving the frictional efficiency. But with wet rubbing, the situation is completely different with cellulose fibers. Due to the extremely low hygroscopicity of the fibers or the insignificant effect of water swelling, and the presence of water acts as a lubricant, the color fastness to wet rubbing of such fabrics is significantly better than the color fastness to dry rubbing. The commonly held concept that the dry rubbing fastness of textile products should be superior to the wet rubbing fastness is in stark contrast and often causes confusion. Therefore, for some specific fabrics, it is not uncommon for the color fastness to wet rubbing to be better than the color fastness to dry rubbing. At this time, although the selected dye varieties, dye properties, dyeing and post-finishing process conditions, etc. will also affect the color fastness to rubbing, compared with physical factors such as the structure and surface morphology of the fabric, the It doesn't seem to be very important. Statistics show that most of these cases are dark products, such as black, red and navy blue. Of course, for fabrics such as corduroy, twill and pigment printing, under wet conditions, due to the dyes and printing and dyeing processes used by them, the color fastness to wet rubbing is usually 2 or even lower, and Not better than its color fastness to dry rubbing. 4. Influence of softener Improve the color fastness of reactive dye printing by softening. Softeners have a lubricating effect and reduce the coefficient of friction,Thereby preventing the dye from falling off.
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