How dust masks work1

Disposable medical masks are necessary respiratory protective equipment for medical workers and patients when they come into contact with each other. The medical disposable mask looks very simple in structure, so how does it work? Is there anything to pay attention to in use? The working principle of the filter material for medical disposable masks 1. Diffusion deposition: The particle Brownian motion diffuses and displaces to the filter fiber, and is adsorbed by molecular gravity. It is easiest to capture small-scale particles, fine fibers and particles moving at low speeds. 2. Retention deposition: The larger particles moving with the airflow are retained by the mechanical sieving effect of the filter material. The ratio of particle diameter to the diameter of the membrane fibers affects interception efficiency. 3. Inertial deposition: When the particles pass through the curved mesh channel of the filter material, the particles break away from the airflow and hit the filter fiber due to inertia, and are trapped by molecular gravity. The retention effect is good when large particles, high density and high speed are used. 4. Electrostatic attraction deposition: The particles are deposited by the electrostatic action of the filter fiber. The smaller the particle is, the stronger the deposition effect of 1 and 4 is, and the larger the particle is, the better the effect of 2 and 3 is, so it is not that the smaller the particle is, the more difficult it is to be filtered. Based on the synergistic effect of various filtration mechanisms, the most easily penetrated particle size range of ordinary mechanical filter materials is 0.1m to 0.3m. Dustproof principle of dust mask: The protective function of the mask is roughly based on the three principles of filtration, adsorption and killing. 1. The material and textile method of the filter mask make the gap of the mask smaller than the diameter of the virus, and the cotton gauze mask of ordinary material to filter the virus is mainly based on this principle and plays a protective role" Therefore, its protective effect is relatively low. In general gauze masks, the principle of dust blocking is mechanical filtration, that is, when the dust hits the gauze, it passes through—Layers of barrier block some large particles of dust in the sand cloth. 2. The electrostatic effect of the adsorption mask adsorbs the virus on the outer layer of the mask, such as the so-called electrostatic filter layer. Most of activated carbon masks adopt the principle of adsorption, which can achieve dust-proof effect on low-concentration toxic and harmful gases and particulate matter in the outside world through adsorption. 3. The material of the killing mask has a bactericidal function to directly kill the virus. For this type of mask collar and labor protection net, it refers to professional medical masks, which are suitable for the protection of airborne respiratory infectious diseases, and have a very good barrier effect on dust and haze. The mask plays a two-way isolation of germs and protects patients and medical workers from being infected by each other's germs. Precautions for the use of medical disposable masks 1. The wearing time should be suitable. Medical protective masks can be used continuously for 6-8 hours, and should be replaced in time in the following situations: respiratory resistance increases significantly (when breathing is difficult); masks are damaged or contaminated; masks Inability to fit closely with the face; after contact with a sick person or carrier of germs. 2. Carry out a tightness test after wearing. When wearing a medical disposable mask, a facial tightness test should be carried out. The simple test method is: after wearing a medical disposable mask, exhale forcefully, and the air cannot leak from the edge of the mask to be qualified. 3. Do not squeeze the mask with your hands. Various masks, including N95 masks, can only isolate the virus on the surface of the mask. If you squeeze the mask with your hands, the virus will soak through the mask with droplets, resulting in an increased chance of infection.

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