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How to use gas masks
Gas masks refer to a type of protective equipment used for breathing after removing some toxic and harmful substances in the air by filtering. Masks are divided into full masks and half masks, and filter elements are divided into anti-virus, dust-proof and dust-toxin composite protection. Any protection is limited, and gas masks are no exception: it is not suitable for any hypoxic environment, because it does not produce oxygen; its protection Performance often depends on the effectiveness of filtration and the fit of the mask. Although people have been researching and applying gas masks for a long time, it is still impossible to invent a filtering method that is suitable for all harmful substances at the same time, so filter materials have their own scope of application. The function of the mask is to isolate the harmful environment from the filtered clean air. This isolation is also limited. Not only will there be a certain amount of air leakage in the components of the mask, but also the isolation method that relies on the fit of the face and the mask is not guaranteed. Absolutely tight, when inhaling, the air pressure in the mask will be lower than the outside world, and any leakage will allow harmful substances to enter the mask, so it cannot be used in a very high concentration environment. According to the relevant regulations of the state, the production of gas masks is strictly inspected and certified to ensure that such safety products can meet the minimum requirements recognized by the state. The inspection usually includes the evaluation of the sealing performance of the mask, and the inspection of the filtering effect of the filter element, and the effective filtering time of certain chemical substances of the specified concentration is determined to ensure a certain capacity. In the past, due to the lack of scientific normative guidance, based on some test data of gas masks alone, it happened from time to time to arbitrarily decide to use gas masks in some extremely dangerous environments, such as emergency rescue. As the name suggests, emergency rescue is not only dangerous, but also time-critical, and it is the most difficult type of environment for operators——The type of chemical substances encountered may be unknown, the concentration of harmful substances may be unknown, whether the environment is hypoxic may be unknown (especially in some small and confined spaces), and may be accompanied by other harsh conditions, such as burning, landslides, etc.; It takes time to find out the dangerous situation and confirm the level of concentration; in order to race against time to deal with the failure or save people, it is conceivable that the work intensity is huge. Using a gas mask in this situation, any small leak or filter element failure can lead to serious safety incidents! The national standard GB/T 18664-2002 'Selection, Use and Maintenance of Respiratory Protective Equipment', which came into effect in October 2002, has clearly identified the above rescue operations as the most dangerous type of environment.——Immediately life-threatening and health-threatening environmental treatment strictly limits the types of respiratory protective equipment that are allowed to be used, namely positive pressure air respirator with full face mask (see Figure 3), and positive pressure full face with suitable escape breathing equipment. Hood long-pipe air-supplied system (see Figure 4). Both types of safety equipment have safety features that gas masks do not have. First, use air cylinders and air supply pipes to provide breathing air, which is suitable for the presence of any type of hazardous substances; second, the full-face mask is a small positive pressure environment. When the wearer inhales, the air pressure in the mask remains higher than Environmental pressure, even if there is a small leak in the mask, external harmful substances cannot enter the mask; thirdly, the protection time is very certain, the air respirator has a certain use time guarantee, and the long-tube air supply system can allow long-term operation. These three elements of safety are not available in gas masks. In order to prevent problems before they occur and to prevent possible emergencies, it is necessary to formulate an emergency response plan in advance, prepare emergency facilities, including respiratory protection equipment, and provide training in advance, which are all safety guarantees for emergency operations. Only by ensuring the safety of the rescuers can we have the opportunity to curb the development of the accident, save the victims' lives in a timely manner, and try to restore all kinds of losses. More about: Filtration Efficiency Tester
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