Gester Instruments | Professional Textile, Footwear and PPE Testing Equipments Manufacturers Since 1997
Test method for textile waterproof, hydrostatic pressure, moisture permeability, air permeability, etc.
The production and production process of textiles are relatively complex. The clothing that people wear is actually transformed from cotton or yarn into fabric products after countless processes. Among them, there are hundreds of testing categories for textiles and clothing. , For example, the testing of textiles includes shrinkage, fading, water permeability, thermal insulation, etc. Here is a brief explanation of the performance testing methods for textiles such as waterproof, hydrostatic pressure, moisture permeability, and breathability: 1. Hydrostatic pressure (WaterProofness abbreviated as: WP): The outdoor fabric industry is accustomed to call it water pressure resistance, expressed in mmH2O, which refers to the strength of water pressure per unit area. Under standard laboratory conditions, the fabric is subjected to the pressure of distilled water sprayed upward, and Record the maximum water pressure, such as the water pressure resistance of 5000mmH2O, that is, the unit area can withstand a maximum pressure of 5m without leakage. Commonly used test standards: American standard AATCC 127; Japanese standard JIS L1092B; European standard: IS0 811; There are two methods of water pressure resistance test before washing and after washing: 1. Pre-washing test: domestic outdoor brands generally test the water pressure resistance value before washing , The value after washing is not measured. The water pressure resistance value drops greatly after several washings, which may drop by about 1000-3000mmH2O; 2. After washing, the water pressure resistance is generally measured after 5 times of washing, and THENORTHFACE has even used it. After washing 20 times, test the water pressure resistance method. Due to the test after multiple washings, the water pressure resistance value drops greatly. This test method is that any coating factory or film lamination factory must use better materials. For example, the water resistance of coated fabrics The pressure requires 5000mmH2O after 5 washings, then at least 7-8000mmH2O before washing; of course, this requirement will lead to higher prices! 2. Air Permeability (Method Air Permeability abbreviated as: MAP): It means the performance of air passing through the fabric; under the specified pressure difference conditions, measure the airflow rate vertically passing through a given area of the sample within a certain period of time, and calculate the air permeability. The airflow rate can be measured directly, or it can be converted by measuring the pressure cars on both sides of the flow aperture. This is the real breath! Test standard: American standard ASTM D737, European standard ISO 9237, Japanese standard JIS L1096; The ventilation unit can be expressed in mm/s, cm3/cm2/s; On the sample, the rating is compared with the waterproof standard sample; the commonly used test standards are American Standard: AATCC 22; European Standard: ISO 4920; There are three kinds of water repellent: ordinary waterproof (WaterRepellent, abbreviated as: W/R), water repellent (DurableWaterRepellent outdoor fabric industry is used to call it super water repellent, abbreviated as: DWR), Teflon (TEFLON) waterproof; 1. Ordinary waterproof (W/R): The surface of the clothes is not waterproof after a few washes, and the general outdoor leisure is ordinary waterproof That’s alright. If you often go to mountain climbing or mountains with a certain altitude, the weather on the mountain is fickle, and it may rain at any time. Ordinary waterproof clothing is not waterproof after washing several times, which will cause the surface of the clothing to be wet, which will increase the human body when wearing it. load. 2. Super Water Repellent (DWR): Japan's Daikin carbon 6 waterproof, after 20 washes to maintain the effect of 80 points (European standard 3); the previous carbon 8 waterproof, after 30 washes can achieve the effect of 80 points, because The fluorine content does not meet EU standards and has now been banned by the EU. 3. Teflon (TEFLON), produced by DuPont in the United States, has a very high reputation, and has three anti-effects such as waterproof, anti-fouling, and oil-proof. The price is relatively expensive. Buying this brand of waterproof can provide Teflon tag, but Teflon The disadvantage is that the water-repellent effect is not as good as that of carbon 8 and carbon 6; 4. Moisture Proofness (abbreviated as: MP): Moisture permeability is expressed in units of g/m2/24h, which means that under certain standard laboratory conditions, the sample is A specific humidity difference is formed on both sides, and the water vapor enters the dry side through the sample, and the parameters such as the water vapor transmission rate of the sample are obtained by measuring the change of the weight of the moisture permeable cup with time. There are two test methods for moisture permeability: upright cup and inverted cup; Upright cup method: American standard ASTM E96 A, C, E; Japanese standard JIS L1099 A1; Inverted cup method: American standard ASTM-E96, Japanese standard test JIS L1099B1; This test uses pre-wash data! Both domestic outdoor practitioners and outdoor enthusiasts refer to moisture permeability as breathable and moisture-permeable, or directly call moisture-permeability as breathable. It is incorrect and imprecise to confuse these two terms. This is a concept that needs to be distinguished and understood correctly; the fabrics of the above three functional indicators are called waterproof and moisture-permeable fabrics, also known as wind-proof, waterproof, warm and moisture-permeable fabrics. It is simply understood that the rainwater from the outside cannot enter, and the sweat inside passes through the coating. The pores of the layers and membranes drain out!
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