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9 scientific instruments approach Jupiter with Juno1
At 11:53 on July 5th, Beijing time,“Juneau”The probe successfully entered the orbit of Jupiter, and its orbit around Jupiter is about 4,100 kilometers away from the top of Jupiter's clouds, making it the closest spacecraft to Jupiter so far. In the next 20 months, it will orbit Jupiter 37 times, detecting data related to Jupiter's origin, internal structure, atmosphere and magnetic field. Why is it called“Juneau”? Juno is the wife of Jupiter, the king of the gods in Roman mythology. Jupiter used his magic to cover himself with clouds, but Juno was able to penetrate the clouds and see the truth. Scientists hope that“Juneau”Like Juno, the probe can also see through Jupiter's thick clouds, gain insight into its internal structure, and learn the secrets of the gas giant.“Juneau”What is the length of the number?“Juneau”The main body resembles a hexagonal box with a 180-kilogram titanium dome at the front that protects sensitive electronics from radiation damage. The device, comparable to the trunk of an SUV, can reduce the radiation intensity of electronic equipment by 800 times. After liftoff,“Juneau”No. 3 solar panels will protrude from its hexagonal body, each 8.8 meters long and 2.8 meters wide, like the blades of a windmill when stretched out.“Juneau”What is the background of the mission?“Juneau”NASA's Jupiter probe“new frontier”As part of the program, the program operates at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.“Juneau”The probe was built by Lockheed Martin, and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory is responsible for the operation of the entire detection mission.“Juneau”The total investment of the project is about 1.1 billion US dollars, including detector research and development, scientific payloads, launch services, operation funds, scientific data processing and measurement and control support and other related service costs. The probe was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida on August 5, 2011.“Juneau”What's on the number“passenger”?“Juneau”The probe is equipped with 9 scientific instruments, which are Gravity Science, Magnetometer, Microwave Radiometer (MWR), Jupiter High Energy Particle Detector (JEDI), Jupiter Auroral Distribution Experiment Device ( JADE), Plasma Electric Wave Device (WAVES), Jupiter Infrared Auroral Plotter (JIRAM), Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (UVS) and Juno Camera (JunoCam). In addition, there are 3 special passengers who are only 4 cm tall. They are three LEGO minifigures specially made by LEGO for NASA, namely Galileo, the Italian astronomer, Jupiter (the same name as Jupiter), and his wife Juno (the same name as the Juno probe).“Juneau”Why does the number turn around?“Juneau”No. is a spin-stabilized solar-powered spacecraft that enhances the stability of the spacecraft's pointing and facilitates ground control. During project execution,“Juneau”The rotation rate of the aircraft will change constantly: 1 revolution per minute in the cruise phase; 2 revolutions per minute in the scientific expedition phase; 5 revolutions per minute in the main engine attitude adjustment phase. On top of that, the benefits of rotation include simplifying the design, reducing mass, and all devices sweeping Jupiter once during the rotation.“Juneau”number“Hardware Configuration”how? “Juneau”There is a main engine, a twin-propulsion engine, and 12 attitude-adjustment engines with less thrust. The former is located at the rear of the probe and is mainly used for large orbit adjustment and deceleration braking, while the latter is mainly used for precise attitude adjustment during flight.“Juneau”The brain uses a RAD750 radiation-resistant processor, which can deal with 1 million times the lethal radiation dose.“Curiosity”The rover is the same, with 256M flash memory and 128M local storage space.“Juneau”How far did it fly? Until it reached Jupiter's orbit today,“Juneau”A total of about 2.7 billion kilometers have been flown. It takes about 48 minutes for the signal to travel from Jupiter back to Earth at the speed of light.“Juneau”What is the meaning of the number?“Juneau”The number will help us understand the composition of Jupiter and its internal structure; reveal the source of Jupiter's strong magnetic field and mysterious auroral phenomena; determine whether Jupiter has a rocky core and water. In addition, improve people's understanding of the Earth, the solar system and even star formation. Which other probes have visited Jupiter? Eight probes have reportedly visited Jupiter and its moons so far, including“traveler”number, and later“pioneer”No,“Galileo”No,“Ulysses”No. etc., the most recent one was launched in 2007“new horizons”Jupiter probe.“Juneau”No. 9 is the 9th visitor from Earth to visit Jupiter, and the 2nd“permanent”Man-made spacecraft orbiting Jupiter. When will the mission end?“Juneau”Where to go? According to the plan, the exploration mission will end on February 20, 2018, when“Juneau”The spacecraft will be incinerated into Jupiter's outer atmosphere in a controlled manner, lest toxic fuel contaminate Jupiter's moons where primitive life may exist.
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