Gester Instruments | Professional Textile, Footwear and PPE Testing Equipments Manufacturers Since 1997
Analysis of the principle of yellowing of spandex fabrics
Spandex is a kind of fiber commonly used in our life. The most prominent feature is good elasticity, and it has the advantages of low fineness, large elastic modulus (elongation at break can reach 400%-800%) and small proportion. Spandex is a commonly used fiber variety in our life. The most prominent feature is good elasticity, and it has the advantages of low fineness, large elastic modulus (elongation at break can reach 400%-800%), and small specific gravity. Spandex can be blended with wool, cotton, polyester, acrylic, viscose and other textile fibers to make the fabric soft, elastic and comfortable to wear. It is widely used in fitness clothes, swimming suits, jeans, tights, underwear, one-piece In clothing and intimate underwear, spandex fabrics are more popular among women because women's clothing has higher requirements for close-fitting. Since the molecular chain of spandex contains a large number of reactive groups such as amino groups, it is easy to turn yellow during high temperature setting or storage, which affects the quality of finished products, especially fluorescent whitening fabrics and light-colored fabrics. In order to improve the running performance of spandex during spinning, silicone oil lubricants and other auxiliaries are used in the weaving process. These additives naturally degrade over time causing the fibers to yellow. In addition, spandex itself is not easy to color, that is, conventional dyes cannot color spandex, so after the fabric is dyed, if the reduction and cleaning are insufficient, the so-called yellowing phenomenon will also occur. Best-selling black spandex filament --- dope dyeing technology: Black spandex is a widely used variety in clothing fabrics. In recent years, the domestic black spandex filament production capacity has been continuously expanded, and the product performance has been continuously improved. The black spandex filament directly spun through special processes such as dope dyeing or online addition not only has a more uniform and lasting black effect, higher color fastness and excellent washing resistance, but also saves the dyeing process of the fiber. Energy consumption in the dyeing process, reducing environmental pollution.
Cut resistance is one of the most critical performance indicators in personal protective equipment (PPE) testing, directly affecting worker safety in high-risk industries such as metal processing, machinery manufacturing, and emergency rescue. The TDM Cut Test Machine GT-KC28 plays a vital role in accurately evaluating the cut resistance of PPE products, including gloves, protective clothing, footwear materials, composite materials, rubber, and industrial textiles.
By adopting high-precision force control systems, intelligent data processing, and stable transmission technology, the GT-KC28 TDM Cut Tester can accurately measure the critical cutting force of materials and ensure excellent repeatability and comparability of test results. Its user-friendly touch-screen operation, comprehensive data storage, USB data export, and built-in thermal printer greatly improve laboratory efficiency and data traceability.
The TDM Cut Test Machine GT-KC28 fully complies with major international and national standards such as ISO 13997, EN 388, ASTM F2992/F2992M, ANSI/ISEA 105, and GB 24541-2022, making it a reliable solution for PPE manufacturers, third-party testing laboratories, and research institutions. Through precise and standardized cut resistance testing, the GT-KC28 helps reduce industrial cutting injuries, supports PPE certification across global markets, and ensures that protective equipment delivers reliable safety performance in real-world applications.
Ball Burst Method (ASTM D3787): Steel ball penetration for textiles/films using testers like GT-C02-2.
Hydraulic Method (ISO 13938.1): Fluid pressure on rubber diaphragm for industrial fabrics via GT-C12A.
Pneumatic Method (ISO 13938.2): Compressed air for breathable materials tested with GT-C12B.
Results are influenced by raw materials, yarn properties,
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