Summary of Textile Basics
The textile industry is a basic industry for the national economy and people's livelihood. There are many people engaged in the production, processing, and other fields of the textile industry. People's daily life about textiles is basically inseparable from their contributions. At present, there are many people in the field of textile industry research all over the world. Whether you are a professional or a non-professional, you basically have a certain understanding of the textile industry and textiles. This article gives some technical knowledge and concepts related to the textile industry. Let's just communicate. 1. The commonly used calculation formulas for textiles are divided into two types: custom-length calculation formula and custom-weight calculation formula The weight of the silk thread (grams), L is the length of the silk thread (m) (2), tex (number) [tex(H)]: tex=g/L*1000 where g is the weight of the yarn (or silk) (grams), L is the length of the yarn (or silk) (m) (3), dtex (dtex): dtex=g/L*9000 where g is the weight of the silk thread (grams), and L is the length of the silk thread (m) 2. Calculation formula of fixed weight system: (1), Metric count (N): N=L/G where G is the weight (gram) of the yarn (or silk), and L is the length of the yarn (or silk) (meter) (2), inch count (S): S=L/(G*840) where G is the weight of the silk thread (pounds), L is the length of the silk thread (yard) Second, the conversion formula for the selection of textile units: ( 1) The conversion formula of metric count (N) and denier (D): D=9000/N(2), the conversion formula of imperial count (S) and denier (D): D=5315/ The conversion formula of S (3), decitex (dtex) and tex (tex): 1tex=10dtex (4), the conversion formula of tex (tex) and denier (D): tex=D /9(5), conversion formula of tex (tex) and imperial count (S): tex=K/S K value: pure cotton yarn K=583.1 purified fiber K=590.5 polyester cotton yarn K=587.6 cotton viscose yarn ( 75:25) K=584.8 Dimensional cotton yarn (50:50) K=587.0(6), conversion formula of tex (tex) and metric number (N): tex=1000/N(7), detex (dtex) and denier (D) conversion formula: dtex=10D/9(8), decitex (dtex) and imperial count (S) conversion formula: dtex=10K/S K value: pure cotton Yarn K=583.1 Purified Fiber K=590.5 Polyester Cotton Yarn K=587.6 Cotton Viscose Yarn (75:25) K=584.8 Fiber Cotton Yarn (50:50) K=587.0(9), Dtex (dtex) and Metric Count (N) conversion formula: dtex=10000/N(10), metric centimeter (cm) and imperial inch (inch) conversion formula: 1inch=2.54cm (11), metric meter (M) and imperial yard (yd) The conversion formula: 1 yard=0.9144m (12), the conversion formula of the silk and satin square meter weight (g/m2) and the mummy (m/m): 1m/m=4.3056g/m2 (13), the actual value of the satin The conversion formula of weight and pound weight: pound weight (lb) = silk weight per meter (g/m)*0.9144(m/yd)*50(yd)/453.6(g/yd) 3. Detection method: 1. Hand feel Visual inspection method: This method is suitable for loose fibers state-of-the-art textile materials. (1) Cotton fibers are shorter and thinner than ramie fibers and other hemp fibers and wool fibers, and are often accompanied by various impurities and defects. (2) The hemp fiber feels rough and hard. (3) The wool fiber is curled and elastic. (4) Silk is filament, long and slender, with special luster. (5) Among chemical fibers, only viscose fibers have large differences in strength between dry and wet states. (6) The spandex yarn has great elasticity, and its length can be stretched to more than five times at room temperature. 2. Microscopic observation method: identify fibers according to their longitudinal and cross-sectional morphological characteristics. (1) Cotton fiber: cross-sectional shape: round waist, with mid-waist; longitudinal shape: flat ribbon, with natural twist. (2) Hemp (ramie, flax, jute) fiber: cross-sectional shape: round or polygonal waist, with a central cavity; longitudinal shape: horizontal knots, vertical lines. (3) Wool fiber: cross-sectional shape: round or nearly round, some with hairy pith; longitudinal shape: scales on the surface. (4), rabbit hair fiber: cross-sectional shape: dumbbell-shaped, with hair pith; longitudinal shape: scales on the surface. (5) Mulberry silk fiber: cross-sectional shape: irregular triangle; longitudinal shape: smooth and straight, with longitudinal stripes. (6) Ordinary viscose fiber: cross-sectional shape: zigzag, skin-core structure; longitudinal shape: longitudinal grooves. (7), strong fiber: cross-sectional shape: less toothed, or round, oval; longitudinal shape: smooth surface. (8), acetate fiber: cross-sectional shape: trilobal or irregular zigzag; longitudinal shape: longitudinal stripes on the surface. (9), acrylic fiber: cross-sectional shape: round, dumbbell-shaped or leaf-shaped; longitudinal shape: smooth or striped surface. (10) Polyvinyl chloride fiber: cross-sectional shape: close to circular; longitudinal shape: smooth surface. (11), spandex fiber: cross-sectional shape
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