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Summary of the types of inspections often done in the plastics industry
Plastic materials are a type of material commonly used in industrial production, and are also raw materials for daily daily necessities. Because plastics have many characteristics, such as flammability, low density, and strong plasticity, they are widely used. There will be a lot of tests. This article (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. summarizes the types of tests commonly done in the plastics industry for you. Combustion test Combustion performance: refers to all the physical and chemical changes that occur when the material is burned and meets fire. This performance includes the ignitability and flame spread on the surface of the material, heat generation, smoke, carbonization, weight loss, and production of toxic products. wait to measure. Test methods: Mainly aerobic index combustion performance test, horizontal combustion performance test, vertical combustion performance test, glow wire flammability index test. The flame retardant properties of materials directly affect the use of materials. Test principle: fix one end of a rectangular strip spline on a horizontal or vertical fixture, and expose the other end to a specified test flame, and evaluate the horizontal burning behavior of the sample by measuring the linear burning rate; The flame time, burning range and particle drop were used to evaluate the burning performance of plastics. The significance of the test: Under the specified conditions, the combustion performance of different materials is of great significance to the use range of the material, the manufacturing process and the changing characteristics of combustion. Heat deflection temperature (Heat deflection temperature): a certain load is applied to the polymer material or polymer, and the temperature is increased at a certain speed, and the corresponding temperature when the specified deformation is reached. Test principle: The plastic sample is placed on a support with a span of 100mm, placed in a suitable liquid heat transfer medium, and a specific static bending load is applied to it at the midpoint of the two supports. Under the condition of constant temperature heating, the bending deformation of the sample reaches the specified value. Test purpose: For polymers in glassy or crystalline state, with the increase of temperature, the motion energy of atoms and molecules increases, and the ability to deform due to directional motion under the action of external force increases, that is, the ability of the material to resist external force-- The modulus decreases with increasing temperature, and as the temperature increases, the deformation produced by the plastic under a fixed load increases. Influencing factors: 1) Test instrument (reading error, sample placement position) 2) Sample preparation method and size 3) Heat transfer medium ash What is ash? Ash: When burning at high temperature, the polymer undergoes a series of physical and chemical changes, and finally the organic components volatilize and escape, while the inorganic components (mainly inorganic salts and oxides) remain. These residues are called ash. In general modified products, ash is some inorganic minerals such as silica, calcium carbonate, talc, glass fiber, and titanium dioxide. Test method: calcination method (burning organic matter and treating its residue at high temperature until constant weight), burning in a horse boiler at 600℃ for 10min, and weighing the residue. Ash content expressed in mass percentage: (M1-M0)×100/MM represents the weight of the sample, the weight of M1 ash and cup, and the weight of M0 cup In plastics with high fiber, the rigidity of the plastic material increases, the heat resistance increases, but the toughness decreases. On the contrary, the toughness increases, and the rigidity and heat resistance decrease. What is the meaning of moisture test? principle? Moisture: Refers to the water contained within an object. Test principle: It is mainly divided into: infrared rapid moisture measurement and halogen rapid moisture measurement. The data of the initial mass of the object and the mass of the object after evaporating water, to obtain the water content of the measured object at a specific temperature. Halogen rapid moisture determination: the calculation formula of the test: let G be the weight of the sample before drying, g is the weight of the sample after drying; L is the moisture content of the sample, R is the drying of the sample; LR is the moisture regain of the sample‘OR is the wet weight ratio of the sample, so L=G-g/G (1) R=g/G (2) 0R=(G-g)/G (3) OR=G/g An important factor in the processing, product appearance and product properties of resins such as polyamide (PA) and polycarbonate (PC). In the injection molding process, if plastic particles with excessive moisture content are used for production, some processing problems will occur, which will ultimately affect the quality of the finished product, such as surface cracking, reflection, and mechanical properties such as impact resistance and tensile strength. . Melt Index Melt Index: It is a numerical value that expresses the fluidity of plastic materials during processing.
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