The properties and uses of fibers commonly used in textiles

So far, cotton is still the main raw material for spinning, accounting for about 50% of the raw material for spinning. There are three types of raw cotton: long-staple cotton, fine-staple cotton, and coarse-staple cotton. The latter has been basically eliminated. Long-staple cotton has long fibers, good quality, and low output. my country only produces it in Xinjiang. Egypt produces the largest amount of long-staple cotton, and its quality is also better; the United States-produced PIMA (PIMA) is also long-staple cotton. Long-staple cotton is mainly used to manufacture high-end textiles, such as high-count cotton underwear, shirts, T-shirts and other clothing. Fine lint cotton is generally used for textiles. The performance characteristics of cotton fiber is that its strength is generally lower than that of synthetic fiber, but it has good moisture absorption, breathability, softness, good wearability, alkali resistance, acid resistance, easy dyeing, insect resistance and mildew resistance. Comfortable wearing is its main advantage, suitable for underwear clothing and all kinds of commonly used clothing. Cotton and chemical fiber blended products have a high market share, but pure cotton clothing is still the best choice for comfort, safety, health, and practicality. At present, 'organic cotton' has become the darling of the market. Its characteristics are not much different from ordinary cotton, but it uses organic methods for planting, processing, storage, and sales. It has strict requirements on soil, water, fertilization, and the environment. It is certified by a special certification body and is a green and environmentally friendly product. The price is higher than ordinary cotton products, especially suitable for underwear, bedding, and women's products. Colored cotton refers to colored cotton, which has been planted in my country as early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Under the influence of advocating natural ecology, colored cotton products do not need to be dyed, have natural colors, soft texture, and no chemical pollution, making them an ideal textile material. At present, the color of colored cotton has developed a lot, but the color is not stable enough, not bright, light fastness is poor, and the color spectrum is not complete. In addition, the production of colored cotton is low, and there are many spinning neps, so the development is subject to certain restrictions. Bedding such as underwear and towels are not widely used. There are many types of livestock wool fibers, but mainly sheep hair, rabbit hair, cashmere, and yak hair are used in textiles. (1) Sheep wool Sheep wool fiber has many excellent properties, such as good elasticity, strong moisture absorption and dehumidification ability, good warmth retention, and soft color. It can be used for the development of all kinds of clothing. However, wool fiber is acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, and easy to be eaten by insects. . The finer the wool fiber, the better the quality, which is related to the variety of wool. Wool fiber has a high price and is mainly used to process high-end clothing, such as suits, coats, dresses, sweaters, scarves, etc. The more popular is its blended products with chemical fibers, which can complement each other and reduce costs. Consumers should pay close attention to wool products The gross content. (2) Cashmere (Cashmere) Cashmere is the fluff that is caught during the depilation season of goats. It is called cashmere in English, which is very precious and is known as 'soft gold'. It is characterized by lightness, softness, good warmth retention, and comfortable wearing. It is generally used to weave high-end products such as cashmere sweaters, suits, coats, scarves, etc. Cashmere products sell for extremely high prices. Consumers should pay attention to the content of cashmere ingredients in clothing, and pay attention to daily wear and washing, especially when wearing cashmere sweaters, be careful not to rub hard, otherwise it is easy to break, and at the same time, it should be stored properly to prevent insects. (3) Rabbit fur Rabbit fur is the fluff of Angora rabbits. The fiber is light, soft, fluffy, good in warmth, and has a plump feel, but it has low strength, poor cohesion, and easy depilation. It is generally blended with wool to make wool When using shirts, scarves, etc., friction should be reduced to prevent hair loss. The most commonly used hemp fibers in hemp garments are ramie, flax and hemp. The performance characteristics of hemp is that the fiber is thick and hard, has strong moisture absorption and release ability, and is cool and comfortable to wear. It has natural antibacterial and anti-mite effects. Hemp fiber is often combined with cotton. Viscose fiber blending, especially suitable for weaving summer clothes. The fineness of flax fiber is finer than that of ramie, and the fineness and length of hemp fiber are between flax and ramie. Hemp has better moisture release properties, and linen clothing is a high-end clothing internationally agreed. The silk product commonly used in silk garments is silk, also called real silk, which is an ancient high-grade weaving material. Its characteristics are bright and gorgeous color, moisture-absorbing and breathable, elegant and soft, comfortable to wear next to the body, good for the skin, and favored by ladies. It is the first choice for high-end summer clothing. The disadvantage is that silk fabrics are more delicate and difficult to care for. In recent years, the spun silk and silk made from noils are often blended with cotton to make clothing. They are called 'cotton silk' on the market, but the surface is relatively rough; they are widely consumed because of their affordable price and good wearing performance. Welcome.