Analysis of the experimental method for measuring the 45° burning performance and burning rate of fabrics

1. Subject content and scope of application This standard specifies the method for measuring the flammability of textiles for clothing and three grades for assessing the flammability of textiles for clothing. This standard applies to measuring the intensity and speed of combustion of flammable textiles once ignited when worn. 2. Citing standard GB 5457 Glossary of Combustion Properties of Textiles and Textile Products . 3.2 Flammability The ability of a material or product to burn with flames under specified test conditions. 3.3 Flame spread rate Under the specified test conditions, the distance of flame spread per unit time. 4. Principle Under the specified conditions, place the sample at an angle of 45°Angle, the sample is ignited ls, and the time required for the sample to burn up a certain distance with flames is used as a measure to assess the severity of the textile burning. For fabrics with raised surface, the ignition or melting of the base fabric is used as an additional indicator of the intensity of combustion, but it needs to be noted. 5. Equipment and materials 5.1 The instrument consists of a ventilated box, which is equipped with an ignition device, a sample holder and a sample holder (see Figure 2), and an automatic timer. 5.1.1 The inclination of the sample holder is 45°Angle, and the relative position of the flame front can be adjusted according to the different thickness of the sample. 5.1.2 Gas burner, made of 4 1/2 gauge syringe needle. 5.1.3 The timer can be automatically timed and accurate to 0.1s. 5.2 The bristle device is used for the preparation of samples for raised or tufted fabrics. Consists of a suitable carriage for holding the specimen holder and a weight-bearing nylon bristle brush mounted vertically on the specimen surface. The sliding frame is equipped with four wheels, which can move along the front and rear directions of the sample, and its moving distance slightly exceeds the exposed length of the sample. And is equipped with guide rails for sliding wheels to move. 5.2.1 The brush consists of two rows with a diameter of o. It consists of 41 mm nylon bristle tufts, each tuft has 20 bristles, each 25mm has 4 tufts, and the two rows of tufts are staggered. The tufts are flat and 19mm in length. 5.2.2 The brush is mounted on a frame, which exerts a downward pressure of 150g on the sample. 5.3 Constant temperature oven. 5.4 The inner diameter of the dryer is 250mm. 5.5 Marking thread Mercerized cotton sewing thread (12tex×3). 5.6 Butane (chemically pure). 6. Sample preparation 6.1 Size and quantity of the sample The size of the sample is 150mm×50mm, the number of samples is generally 5 pieces. Or vary by its flammability and fabric finish, but should be a multiple of 5. 6.2 The location and direction of sampling For samples of unknown flammability and textile samples with patterns such as piles or tufts of different heights or densities, the test shall be determined according to the part with the fastest flame spread during the pre-test. sample test surface and its orientation. 6.2.1 The samples taken from the garment shall include all layers of the same part of the garment. The outer fabric of the garment should normally be tested. However, if the flame spread rate of the lining fabric is the fastest in the preliminary test, the lining fabric shall be tested. 6.2.2 In order to determine the shearing direction of the sample and the test surface with the fastest flame spread rate, the pre-test should be carried out according to the following operating procedures, that is, the sample should be tested on both sides and in all directions, such as the longitudinal direction. and transverse direction; while on the raised surface, it is tested in any distinguishable direction of the pile, that is, forward and reverse. In general, the long edge of the pile sample should be parallel to the pile direction, and the flame burning rate is along the direction of the pile. 6.3 Sample cutting, loading and marking 6.3.1 Each sample is 150mm×50mm, the length direction of the sample should be the direction with the fastest burning speed in the pre-test. A mark is made at the end of each specimen in the direction that has been identified as the fastest flame spread. 6.3.2 During the test, each sample shall be clamped with a sample clamp, and the marked end shall be placed in the upper position. 6.4 After the bristles with suede samples are loaded into the sample holder, put the suede side up on the sliding frame of the brush device (see Figure 4), lift the brush, push the carriage to the end, and the brush is lowered. to the flat surface of the specimen holder, and then manually pull the sliding frame under the brush forward at a uniform speed, so that the brush suede is retrograde once. Place the specimen holder with the specimen on the 105±After drying in an oven at 3 °C for 30 min, take it out, put it in a desiccator, and cool it for no less than 30 min. 7. Adjustment of flammability tester 7.1 General room temperature conditions can be used, but the test must be carried out under no wind conditions. 7.2 Place the sample holder with the loaded sample on the sample holder, and adjust the sample holder so that the distance between the burner tip and the surface of the sample is 8mm. 7.3 Open the fuel supply control valve, empty the air for about 5 minutes, let the air be discharged from the combustion pipeline, then ignite the burner, adjust the flame from the visible top to the opening of the gas nozzle, and the flame height is 16mm. 7.4 The distance measured from the midpoint of the flame spray sample surface to the marking line is 127mm.
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