Gester Instruments | Professional Textile, Footwear and PPE Testing Equipments Manufacturers Since 1997
Cabin air filter design and test plan analysis
Filter Design The design of each cabin air filter is tailored to the respective airframe. Pall's design and engineering expertise ensures optimum filtration performance in the smallest space and at the lightest weight. Design by using advanced CATIA 3-D modeling and simulation software. The final design depends on several variables of the specific application. These variables include: filtration efficiency, airflow rate, installation configuration, acceptable pressure drop, service life requirements, and many other parameters. Softness Test 1.90mm Temperature: 23±2°C Test Ring Diameter: ∮=35mm Filter Performance Decades of Pall design and manufacturing expertise ensure the following: C-certified filter life (for high dust holding capacity) Minimal pressure drop Lowest weight High anti-collision Strength true high efficiency particulate HEPA filter (>99.999% Microbial Removal Efficiency) Efficient adsorption of odors/VOCs (with optional activated carbon filter) May occur during operation if the cabin air filter is not properly designed (eg low crush strength and low dust holding capacity) ruptured, causing contaminants to be released into the passenger cabin. Such failures cannot be detected by monitoring the pressure loss of the filter element, as a ruptured cabin air filter will not cause a high differential pressure indication. Filter Test Equipment To ensure filter performance meets OEM and/or customer specifications, Pall conducts extensive testing using its own laboratory equipment. Laboratory air filter testing and certification equipment includes: - Inhalation equipment (i.e. wind tunnel) High pressure flow equipment Filtration efficiency test equipment (sodium flame or cold PAO DOP) Adsorption technology High temperature fatigue test equipment VOC excitation equipment Other specialized test equipment which makes The following cabin air filter tests can be performed internally for Airflow Pressure Loss - Complies with BS1042 or ISO5167 Filter Efficiency, Service Life and Dust Holding Capacity Complies with ISO5011 Sodium Flame Test Complies with EN1822-1DOP Test Complies with MIL-STD-282 Anti-Crush Test VOC Clearance Test Flow Field Distortion Filter Characteristics Filter Efficiency Test There are many international standards for measuring air filtration efficiency. The reported efficiency must state the particle size and flow rate used during the test, otherwise it is not meaningful. Compliant with ASHRAE Standard 161-2007 (Section 6.3.1)“All air recirculated through aircraft systems should be filtered through high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters before being supplied to the cabin. HEPA filters used for this purpose shall meet or exceed the requirements of the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology according to EN 1822-1 IEST-RP-CC007.2"A" Class filters or MERV 17 or H13 and should provide a minimum 99.97% collection efficiency of 0.3 micron particles. Alternative technologies can be used to meet the above requirements, but only if they provide the same removal efficiencies described above for HEPA filters and are certified by an authority-approved test method. IEST = Institute of Environmental Science and Technology ISO Standard EN1822-1 (Europe) This standard applies to High Efficiency Particulate and Ultra Low Penetration Air Filters (HEPA and ULPA) used in the ventilation and air conditioning sector. For aircraft cabin air recirculation systems, Airbus has indicated a HEPA filter removal efficiency greater than 99.99% through sodium chloride testing. This test involves having a filter filter sodium chloride (NaCl) aerosol particles with an average particle size of 0.58 microns. By measuring the aerosol concentration upstream and downstream of the filter element being tested, the removal efficiency or permeability (in percent units) is calculated. MIL-STD-282 (Americas) For aircraft cabin air recirculation systems, Boeing specifies that at the rated flow conditions specified for each filter, pass MIL-STD-282 Method 102.9.1 (using 0.3 micron uniform diameter adjacent The DOP Filter Efficiency Rating for Dioctyl Phthalate) should have a minimum filter efficiency of 99.97 %. By measuring the aerosol concentration upstream and downstream of the filter element being tested, the removal efficiency or permeability (in percent units) is calculated. Air Filter Efficiency Testing - Sodium Chloride Flame Test Bench Filter Life Test Filters face a wide variety of contaminants including ISO fines, ASHRAE test dust, and Airbus test dust to name a few. This ensures that the cabin air filter is designed to maintain a low differential pressure under the most challenging conditions. The differential pressure buildup across the filter is monitored until it reaches a predetermined level (“Terminal delta-P”), then the test stops. To monitor the performance of cabin air filters, airlines around the world have turned to Pall's laboratory support services. Testing of used cabin air filters has shown that filters used in some applications have a lifespan of more than 6000 flight hours. Note: For cabin air filter elements, there is currently no exact replacement interval specified. The time interval varies by aircraft type. Pall recommends that airlines follow the manufacturer's guidelines in the Aircraft Maintenance Manual (AMM). More about Filter Material Testers: www.standard-groups.com/FilterMaterial/
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1. ISO 5402-1: Specifies the flexometer method for testing leather flex resistance under repeated bending.
2. ISO 17694: Defines test methods for footwear upper and lining flex resistance, simulating real-world bending stress to assess long-term durability.
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