Gester Instruments | Professional Textile, Footwear and PPE Testing Equipments Manufacturers Since 1997
Analysis of Shrinkage Rate of Fabrics with Different Materials
What is shrinkage rate?
Fabric shrinkage refers to the percentage of fabric shrinkage after washing or soaking in water. Generally speaking, the fabrics with the largest shrinkage rate are synthetic fibers and their blended textiles, followed by wool fabrics, linen fabrics, cotton fabrics in the middle, and the largest shrinkage is viscose fiber, rayon, and artificial wool fabrics. The hygroscopicity of various fibers is different, the fiber with high hygroscopicity has a large shrinkage rate; otherwise, the shrinkage rate is small. Natural fibers such as cotton, wool, silk, and linen have relatively high hygroscopicity, so the rate is also high; while chemical fibers such as polyester and polypropylene are hygroscopic. The tightness and sparseness of the knot structure will also affect the degree of shrinkage. , generally the shrinkage rate of the tighter structure is larger. Cotton mercerized plain cloth: shrinkage 3.5% in warp and 3.5% in weft; cotton mercerized twill: shrinkage 4% in warp and 3% in weft; cotton plain cloth: shrinkage 6% in warp and weft 2.5% in direction; general worsted woolen wool: shrinkage 4% in warp and 3.5% in weft; silk crepe de chine: 10% in warp and 3% in weft. Cotton 4%--10%; chemical fiber 4%--8%; cotton polyester 3.5%--55%
Fabric shrinkage calculation method:
Multiply the fabric size by 1 to reduce the shrinkage. For example, a fabric shrinks by 1% , 100 meters * (1-0.01) = 99 meters; 2. Shrinkage rate: it is the fabric's own, provided by the manufacturer. If you want to calculate, you must experiment. If you use 10 meters of cloth, put it into water, and measure it again, the result is 9.95 m, (10-9.95)/10*100=0.5%. Factors affecting the size change rate of washing: First, it is obvious that the fabric itself is different and the shrinkage rate is different; second, the density of the yarn, the higher the density, the shrinkage rate The smaller; the higher the count, the smaller the shrinkage rate; third, the weaving and printing and dyeing processes are different, and the shrinkage rate is also different. Generally, high yarn weaving and export products have stricter control on the shrinkage rate, which will affect the size calculation of the shrinkage rate. go in.
The Heat Contact Machine GT-C101 is a specialized testing instrument designed for evaluating the heat resistance and thermal protective performance of gloves, protective clothing, and other heat-resistant materials used in high-temperature environments. In industries such as smelting, casting, welding, and glass manufacturing, workers are frequently exposed to intense heat, making accurate testing of contact heat resistance essential for ensuring safety and compliance.
GT-C101 simulates real working conditions by measuring heat transfer delay and thermal transmission under instant contact with high-temperature surfaces. Fully compliant with EN 407, EN 702, and ISO 12127-1 standards, this machine provides precise, repeatable data for manufacturers, laboratories, and research institutions. With high-temperature capability up to 500°C, advanced calorimetry, digital monitoring, and adjustable contact speed, the Heat Contact Machine GT-C101 is an indispensable tool for developing and certifying next-generation PPE and heat-insulation materials.
Ball Burst Method (ASTM D3787): Steel ball penetration for textiles/films using testers like GT-C02-2.
Hydraulic Method (ISO 13938.1): Fluid pressure on rubber diaphragm for industrial fabrics via GT-C12A.
Pneumatic Method (ISO 13938.2): Compressed air for breathable materials tested with GT-C12B.
Results are influenced by raw materials, yarn properties,
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