With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the requirements for clothing are not only limited to warmth, strong and durable, but also put forward new requirements for comfort, aesthetics, and functionality. The fabric is easy to fluff and pilling during wearing. This phenomenon not only makes the appearance and feel of the fabric worse, but also causes the fabric to wear and reduce the wearing performance of the fabric. This article discusses the factors affecting the anti-pilling performance of fabrics.

1. Influencing factors of fabric anti-pilling performance

1.1The influence of fiber

The crimp of the fiber has a greater influence on the fuzzing and pilling. A certain crimped fiber is easier to fuzz and pilling than a non-crimped fiber. Because the internal stress between the crimped fibers is large, the fiber is easily affected by the surface tension of the fabric. As the number of end crimps increases, the bonding stress between the yarn and the fiber in the fabric is affected by external forces. The more fiber ends exposed on the fiber surface, the easier it is to entangle each other and increase pilling. The fiber fineness also has a greater impact on pilling. The thinner the fiber, the more fiber ends exposed on the surface of the yarn, and the better the fiber flexibility. Therefore, the fine fiber is easier to entangle and pilling than the thick fiber. In terms of fiber length, shorter fibers are easier to fluff and pilling than long fibers. Because the number of fiber ends is large, and the friction and cohesion between long fibers are relatively large, it is difficult for the fibers to slip onto the surface of the fabric. It's relatively smooth.

1.2 The influence of yarn

The twist of the yarn and the surface hairiness have a great influence on the pilling. The higher the twist of the yarn, the tighter the inter-fiber entanglement, and the increased frictional resistance between single fibers, which reduces the slippage of the fibers in the yarn, and has less fuzzing and pilling, but too high twist will make the fabric hard and feel Getting worse. If the surface of the yarn is smooth and clean, there will be less hairiness when rubbed, and the fiber is not easy to draw out, so it is not easy to pilling.

1.3 The influence of fabric structure

The structure of the fabric also has a great influence on the pilling. If the structure of the knitted fabric is loose, the frictional resistance between the yarns is relatively small, which will cause the hairiness on the surface of the yarns to slip to the surface of the fabric more easily to form piles.

1.4 The influence of dyeing and finishing process

1.41 Pre-treatment

In the process of spinning and weaving, lubricating oil is added. If it is not removed before dyeing, it is easy to produce stains, stains, oil stains and other defects on the cloth surface, so it must be treated with oil removal.

Use non-ionic detergent YH-71H degreaser to pre-treat the fabric, which can achieve the lowest residual oil content; at the same time, add bath smoothing agent BT44 to ensure that the cloth surface is smooth and will not be repeated in the pre-treatment. Friction causes fluffing and pilling.

1.4.2 Predetermined

Synthetic fibers have a short heat treatment time during spinning and forming, and there are internal stresses. In the process of weaving, dyeing and finishing, it is repeatedly affected by mechanical forces such as stretching and twisting, which changes the geometry and width of the fabric's loops, resulting in deformation and shrinkage, which affect the quality of the product. The purpose of pre-shaping is mainly to heat the fabric to the required temperature under tension, so that the thermal movement of the fiber molecular chain is intensified, so that the molecules are recombined and arranged, and the internal stress is relatively stable. Therefore, the dimensional stability of the fabric can be improved, and the anti-wrinkle performance can be enhanced. At the same time, the strength, hand feeling, anti-pilling and surface smoothness of the fabric can also be improved or changed to a certain extent.

1.4.3 Dyeing

For knitted fabrics that are prone to fuzzing and pilling, after pre-shaping, place the front side of the fabric inward and stitch the fabric to reduce friction on the front side. At the same time, add bath smoothing agent BT44 to ensure that the cloth surface is smooth and will not cause pilling due to repeated friction during the dyeing process.

1.4.4 Finishing

Finishing processing is a technical processing method that gives fabrics functionalization and stylization. At present, resin finishing agents are often used to improve the anti-pilling performance of the fabric. The resin is cross-linked on the fiber surface to form a mesh film, so that the fiber surface is wrapped with a wear-resistant resin film to reduce fiber slippage; and to make the fiber ends Adhere to the yarn, it is not easy to form fluff when rubbed, thereby effectively improving the anti-pilling performance of the fabric. Adopt the padding method to resin finish the dyed fabric. Padding process: semi-products → padding working fluid (1 padding and 2 rolling, rolling tank pressure 4kg) → pre-baking (100°C) → baking (130°C, 12m/min). Process prescription: anti-pilling agent PUNEW: 1%～3%; adhesive TOW: 3%; pH value: 5-6; the dosage of anti-pilling agent should not be too high, too high dosage will easily make the fabric shade The change occurs and the hand feel becomes hard, and it needs to rely on polarizing or soft finishing to improve its wearing comfort. This undoubtedly increases the processing flow of the fabric and increases the cost of fabric production.