loading

Gester Instruments | Professional Textile, Footwear and PPE  Testing  Equipments Manufacturers Since 1997


Test Standard
Test Standard

The relationship between the twist and strength of cashmere yarn

In order to make the yarn have certain physical and mechanical properties such as strength, elasticity, elongation, luster, hand feeling, etc., the properties of the yarn must be changed by twisting. Short fibers need to be twisted in order to be spun into yarns, and filaments need to be twisted in order to facilitate processing or improve tightness. The twist has a direct impact on the structure of the yarn, the physical properties, the style of the fabric, and the wearability of the finished garment. Yarn breaking strength refers to the maximum force exerted by the sample being stretched to break in the yarn tensile test. The ratio of the breaking strength to its linear density is called the breaking strength of the yarn [1]. Twist and strength are the most basic test items in textile production, an important index to characterize material performance and quality, and an important basis for textile mills to evaluate yarn quality.   In this paper, 26S/2 ring-spun cashmere yarn and running-spun cashmere yarn are selected to test their twist and strength respectively, so as to compare the relationship between the twist and strength of the two cashmere yarns.     twist test:    twist test principle   twist is usually not evenly distributed on the whole yarn. When testing the twist, take a sample with a distance of 1 m. Under the specified tension, clamp the two ends of a certain length of the sample, rotate one end of the sample, and remove the twist of the yarn sample until the constituent units of the tested yarn are parallel. The twist of the yarn is obtained according to the number of revolutions required to remove the twist of the yarn.  Twist test method   Yarn twist test methods include: direct counting method and untwisting method. Among them, the untwisting and twisting method is divided into: untwisting and twisting A method, untwisting and twisting B method and three untwisting and twisting method; the direct counting method is suitable for short fiber single yarn, twisted multifilament, strand, cable Thread; untwisting method is suitable for single yarn of cotton, wool, silk, linen and their blended fibers. In this test, the YG155A electronic yarn twist meter is used to test the twist of 26S/2 cashmere strands by the direct counting method. The samples select 4 kinds of ring-spun cashmere yarns and 4 kinds of running cashmere yarns for testing, and each sample is tested 5 Second, compare the twists of ring-spun cashmere yarn and running-spun cashmere yarn.  Test results   calculate the average twist value Xe of each yarn, the average twist value X L below the average value, the mean square deviation S, the number of times below the average value NL, the coefficient of variation CV, the average difference unevenness rate H, the twist coefficient a, etc.     strength test:    strength test principle    yarn breaking strength measurement is to use special equipment to stretch the sample until it breaks, and record the breaking strength and breaking elongation at the same time [3]. The yarn strength of this test is tested by YG023C full-automatic single-yarn strength machine. The working principle is to use a force sensor to convert the force of the tested sample into an electrical signal. After amplification, a signal proportional to the force is obtained. Display load value and breaking strength. A digital pulse proportional to the deformation of the sample is generated through a certain mechanism, the deformation of the sample is displayed through a counting circuit, and the instrument automatically records and prints the test data. Strength test method This test uses a clamping length of 500 mm, a tensile speed of 500 mm/min, the pre-tension of the humidity control sample is (0.5+0.1) cN/tex, and the standard atmospheric temperature for humidity control and test is (20 ±2)℃, relative humidity is (65±3)%. The hank sample should be placed for more than 8 hours under standard atmospheric conditions, and the tightly packaged sample should be placed for more than 48 hours.  According to the test regulations, prepare 4 samples of 2626S/2 pure cashmere ring-spun yarn and running-spun yarn, which are consistent with the above-mentioned twist test samples. Perform pre-conditioning and humidity conditioning treatments as required by regulations, and test in standard atmosphere.  Test results  Calculate the breaking strength, breaking strength, breaking length, average value, coefficient of variation, etc., and the statistical results are shown in Table 2 and Table 3. From the above ring-spun cashmere yarn strength test data and running-spinning cashmere yarn strength test data, it can be concluded that the average breaking strength and breaking strength of ring-spun cashmere yarns are greater than those of the same number of running-spinning cashmere yarns. .    The relationship between yarn twist and strength:    summarize the data obtained from the above yarn twist test and yarn strength test, and obtain the cashmere yarn twist and strength test data summary table (Table 4), as the basis for analysis. In the test to test the strength of the yarn, when the yarn was stretched to break, it was found that not all the fibers on the fractured section were broken, but some of the fibers were broken, and the other part of the fibers slipped, and the broken part of the fibers did not break at the same time. It can be seen that this breaking performance is closely related to the strength of the yarn and its twist. After the yarn is twisted, it not only affects the appearance of the yarn's diameter and gloss, but also affects the inherent quality and feel of the yarn's strength, elasticity, and elongation. For cashmere yarn, the most direct effect of twisting is to gain strength. However, it can be seen from Table 4 that it is not that the greater the degree of twisting, the greater the strength of the yarn. The reason is that there are factors that are beneficial to the increase of yarn strength and that are not conducive to the strength of the yarn.  (1) Favorable factors: the twist coefficient increases, the centripetal pressure of the fiber on the yarn axis increases, the friction resistance between the fibers increases, and the possibility of yarn breaking due to slippage between the fibers decreases. Twisting reduces the strength unevenness of the yarn in the length direction. Under the action of external stretching force, yarn breakage always occurs at the point where the yarn strength is the smallest, and the yarn strength is the external force that the weak loop can withstand. 

textile testing equipment has become a standardized way of dealing with tensile tester manufacturers.

GESTER International Co.,Limited’s mission is to be the leading global innovator, developer and provider of textile testing equipment tensile tester manufacturers products, systems, and services.

Overall, textile testing equipment may be a great way for manufacturers to expand their use of technology, but the price could present a significant hurdle for some businesses.

Depending on the scale of the service, GESTER International Co.,Limited might also need to hire and manage an overseas workforce and comply with regulatory requirements.

The unique connections between textile testing equipmentmanufacturing and customers happen when you find ways to relate on a more personal and engaging level that goes beyond a product.

GET IN TOUCH WITH Us
recommended articles
What is the Safety Glove & Shoe Upper Cutting Tester GT-KC29
The Safety Glove & Shoe Upper Cutting Tester GT-KC29 is a high-precision testing instrument developed to measure the cut resistance performance of safety gloves and footwear uppers. In industrial and construction environments where sharp tools and metal edges pose significant injury risks, the GT-KC29 provides a reliable evaluation method by simulating real cutting motion. This tester meets EN 388 section 6.2, ISO 20344:2021 section 5.23, GB/T 20991 section 6.14, and other global standards, making it essential for PPE manufacturers, testing laboratories, and quality control departments. With automated operation, high repeatability, and multi-standard compliance, it helps companies improve product safety levels, enhance global competitiveness, and ensure superior protection for end users.
What Are the ISTA Standard Tests and ISTA Testing Equipment?
ISTA (International Safe Transit Association) standard tests are globally recognized transportation packaging test procedures designed to evaluate the safety and reliability of products and their packaging throughout the logistics chain. By simulating real-world transportation conditions such as drops, vibration, impact, stacking, and compression, ISTA testing helps identify potential packaging weaknesses before products enter large-scale distribution. ISTA testing equipment—including drop testers, vibration testers, incline impact machines, and compression testers—plays a critical role in accurately reproducing these conditions under laboratory settings. Proper selection and use of ISTA-compliant equipment enable manufacturers to reduce transportation damage, lower return costs, enhance packaging design, and improve customer confidence in product quality and logistics safety.
According to ASTM D642 Standard: Detailed Box Compression Strength Tester GT-N02A
The ASTM D642 standard defines the test method for determining the compressive resistance of shipping containers, like corrugated boxes, when faced with static compressive forces. This article details the test procedure and introduces the GESTER GT-N02A and GT-N02B Box Compression Testers, which are fully compliant with ASTM D642, ISO 12048, and TAPPI T804. These versatile machines perform destructive strength tests, constant value tests, and simulated long-term stacking tests to ensure your pac
How to Improve the Accuracy of a Martindale Tester
Ensuring the accuracy of your Martindale abrasion and pilling tester is critical for reliable textile quality control. This guide details essential steps, from precise sample preparation and correct machine operation to routine maintenance. We also explore how advanced testers, like the GESTER model with its dual-servo drive and tool-free operation, are engineered to eliminate common sources of error and enhance testing precision for superior results.
Everything You Need to Know About Programmable Temperature Humidity Chamber
A Programmable Temperature Humidity Chamber simulates environmental conditions to test product durability, stability (like shelf life & ageing), and performance across materials, electronics, automotive parts, food, and pharmaceuticals. This guide explains its five core systems (Control, Refrigeration, Heating, Humidity, Air Circulation) and their functions for precise testing.
Zipper Strength Test Guide: What You Need to Know
Zippers are integral to product functionality, and their quality directly affects usability and customer satisfaction. This guide highlights the importance of zipper strength testing, introduces the GT-C39A Zipper Testing Machine, and explains a detailed testing process. By mastering these zipper tests, you can enhance product quality, reduce defects, and ensure compliance with international standards.
Water Resistance Testing Standards and Methods
Textile water resistance testing evaluates fabrics through three primary methods: hydrostatic pressure (measuring water penetration resistance), spray rating (assessing surface water repellency), and water repellency tests (quantifying water absorption). Hydrostatic pressure testing is critical for high-performance applications like outdoor apparel and diving gear, while spray rating evaluates surface staining for rainwear. Water repellency tests, such as the Bundesmann method, determine overall
Understanding the Operation of Crush Tester
Crush Testers, such as the GT-N09, are essential tools in the packaging industry for evaluating the compressive strength of materials like cardboard and corrugated boards. This guide provides a detailed overview of testing methods like Edge Crush Test (ECT), Ring Crush Test (RCT), Flat Crush Test (FCT), Concora Medium Test (CMT), and Pin Adhesion Test (PAT). It also includes a step-by-step operation procedure for the GT-N09 Crush Tester and key precautions to ensure accurate and reliable test re
Heat Contact Machine GT-C101-The Ultimate Selection Guide

The Heat Contact Machine GT-C101 is a specialized testing instrument designed for evaluating the heat resistance and thermal protective performance of gloves, protective clothing, and other heat-resistant materials used in high-temperature environments. In industries such as smelting, casting, welding, and glass manufacturing, workers are frequently exposed to intense heat, making accurate testing of contact heat resistance essential for ensuring safety and compliance.

GT-C101 simulates real working conditions by measuring heat transfer delay and thermal transmission under instant contact with high-temperature surfaces. Fully compliant with EN 407, EN 702, and ISO 12127-1 standards, this machine provides precise, repeatable data for manufacturers, laboratories, and research institutions. With high-temperature capability up to 500°C, advanced calorimetry, digital monitoring, and adjustable contact speed, the Heat Contact Machine GT-C101 is an indispensable tool for developing and certifying next-generation PPE and heat-insulation materials.
Installation Training for the Incline Impact Tester GT-N49
Our expert team provides comprehensive on-site installation and training for the Incline Impact Tester GT-N49. This critical packaging testing equipment simulates real-world impacts during handling, transport, and stacking to evaluate product damage resistance. Learn about its key features like flexible moving plates, height adjustment, pneumatic angle control, and remote operation safety. Our service ensures proper setup, operational mastery, maintenance guidance, and troubleshooting support fo
no data
QUANZHOU GESTER INTERNATIONAL CO.,LTD gains certificates of ISO 9001, 3A and SGS Audited supplier etc. with advanced design concept, excellent manufacturing technology and strict quality control.
WeChat

Contact us
Tel: +86-595-28886108 
Fax: +86-595-22515221
E-mail: sales10@gester-instruments.com,
                 info@gester-instruments.com
Mobile/Whatapp/ Wechat:  
             + 86 018059983973
Address:  Block 402,4th floor, f buliding, shengfulan business Center, no.577 jitai road, economic and  Technological development zone quanzhou of fujian.China.
Customer service
detect