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Definition and implementation of textile standards1
1. Definition of textile standards The standard is a unified regulation of repetitive things and concepts, which is based on the comprehensive results of science, technology and practical experience, agreed by relevant parties, approved by the competent authority, and issued in a specific form. as the norm and basis for mutual compliance. Standardization refers to: in the social practice of economy, technology, science and management, for repetitive things and concepts, through the formulation, publication and implementation of standards, to achieve unity, in order to obtain the best order and social benefits. Standardization can not be understood as an isolated thing, it is an active process, and it is mainly a process of formulating standards, implementing standards and then revising standards. Standards are often the product of standardization activities, and the effect of standardization is manifested in social practices such as the application and implementation of standards, and standards must be constantly revised and improved in practice. Each standard is for a specific subject of a profession, it has definite standardized content, and there are certain levels. Therefore, specialization, content and level constitute a standardized three-dimensional space, see Fig. From a professional point of view, textile standards are formulated on the basis of textile science and technology and textile production practices, and are unified regulations on textile production technology issued by recognized institutions. However, there are many connections between various specialties, and they are not completely separated. On the basis of specialization, the problems of cooperation and interface must be solved. Second, the implementation of textile standards The implementation of the standard is to implement the requirements stipulated in the standard into production practice through a series of measures, which is also a central task of standardization activities. The Standardization Act states:“National standards and industry standards are divided into mandatory standards and recommended standards. The standards for safeguarding human health, personal and property safety and the standards enforced by laws and administrative regulations are mandatory standards, and other standards are recommended standards”. Due to the different objects and contents of the standard, the impact and role of the implementation of the standard on production and management will be quite different. The implementation of the standard is a very complicated work, and sometimes it is difficult to adopt a unified method. Mandatory standards must be implemented, and the requirements stipulated in mandatory standards shall not be changed or reduced without authorization. Violations of mandatory standards shall be dealt with in accordance with the law by the competent administrative department or the administrative department for industry and commerce as prescribed by laws and administrative regulations. However, the single mandatory standard system under the planning system cannot adapt to the development and demands of the contemporary market mechanism, because the market demand is the synthesis of the demands of the vast number of consumers. middle. The establishment of recommended standards enables manufacturers to have greater autonomy in the selection and adoption of standards, and expands a broad space for enterprises to adapt to market demands and develop products. The implementation of recommended standards is, in form, a standard adopted voluntarily by all parties concerned, and the state generally does not impose mandatory enforcement requirements. However, as the norms that are commonly observed in the whole country and the whole industry, national standards and industry standards are generally equivalent or equivalent to adopting international standards. The achievement of this project and the active adoption of recommended standards are conducive to improving product quality and improving the competitiveness of products in domestic and foreign markets. my country mainly adopts the following methods to encourage relevant parties to implement recommended standards. (1) The competent authority shall formulate directive documents and implement them within their jurisdiction. Once a recommended standard is incorporated into a directive document, it becomes a standard that must be implemented. (2) The state adopts certain preferential measures to encourage adoption. For example, my country stipulates that all products that implement national standards and industry standards can apply for product quality certification, and those who pass are issued a product quality certification certificate and are allowed to use the conformity mark. While implementing the standards, enterprises have improved product quality. , and obtain high business reputation and social reputation. (3) Implement recommended standards through contracts. Buyers and sellers can introduce recommended standards into the contract. Since the contract is bound by law, the implementation of the recommended standards is pre-agreed by the buyer and seller and clearly stipulated in the contract, and it is legally binding.
1. ISO 5402-1: Specifies the flexometer method for testing leather flex resistance under repeated bending.
2. ISO 17694: Defines test methods for footwear upper and lining flex resistance, simulating real-world bending stress to assess long-term durability.
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Ball Burst Method (ASTM D3787): Steel ball penetration for textiles/films using testers like GT-C02-2.
Hydraulic Method (ISO 13938.1): Fluid pressure on rubber diaphragm for industrial fabrics via GT-C12A.
Pneumatic Method (ISO 13938.2): Compressed air for breathable materials tested with GT-C12B.
Results are influenced by raw materials, yarn properties,
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