The fabric tearing strength
tester is a common test instrument for testing the tearing strength of fabrics. Among the standard testing methods, there is the trousers method (GB/T3917.2—2009), trapezoidal method (GB/T3917.3—2009) and impact pendulum method (GB/T3917.1—2009) three, three methods have similar tearing principles, and there is a certain correlation between the results. Shanghai Qianshi R&D engineers made the following analysis on the results of three different test methods. 1. When the trouser-shaped method is torn by the trouser-shaped method, a yarn stress triangle is formed at the crack. When the stressed yarn is gradually separated up and down, the yarn that is not directly stressed has some relative movement and gradually moves closer. Forms an approximately stressed triangular area. Sliding is limited due to the frictional resistance between the yarns. When sliding, the tension of the yarn increases rapidly, and the deformation elongation also increases sharply. When the yarn forming the base of the stressed triangle is deformed to the breaking elongation, the yarn breaks immediately. Obviously, when other conditions are the same, the larger the force triangle is, and the more yarns are subjected to force at the same time, the tearing strength increases. Tear is the breaking of the yarns in the fabric one by one, so the tear strength is approximately proportional to the yarn strength. In addition, the larger the elongation at break of the yarn, the larger the force triangle, and the more yarns under force at the same time, so the tearing strength is also larger; when the frictional resistance between the longitudinal and transverse yarns is large, the two The yarn of this system is not easy to slide, the force triangle becomes smaller, and the number of force yarns is small, so the breaking strength becomes smaller, so the frictional resistance between the warp and weft yarns has a negative effect on the breaking strength. The broken yarn of the trouser-shaped sample is the yarn in the direction of indirect force. 2. Trapezoidal method There is also a stress triangle in the trapezoidal method tearing, but because the transverse yarn of the sample is not perpendicular to the horizontal line of the chuck when the sample is clamped by the trapezoidal method, but is at a certain angle, the broken yarn during the stretching process. At a certain angle to the force direction, the breaking method is mainly caused by the straightening and deformation of the directly stressed yarn. When other conditions are the same, the tearing strength measured by this method mainly depends on the breaking work of the yarn. . 3. Impact pendulum method When the impact pendulum method is torn, a yarn approximate stress triangle is formed at the crack. When the stressed yarns are gradually separated, the yarns that are not directly stressed have some relative movement, and gradually close together to form an approximate triangular area of force. The main factors affecting the tearing strength are the strength of the yarn itself and the mutual friction between the yarns. The common feature of the three test methods is that the tearing of the fabric is achieved by breaking the yarn one by one. The fabric around the broken yarn increases the breaking strength that a single yarn can withstand due to the skew and slippage of the yarn. In addition to the drop weight method, several other test methods all use a fabric strength machine to stretch a certain distance at a constant speed of 100mm/min, and take the peak value or the average value of the peak value during the stretching process as the tearing strength. The tearing strength measured by the constant speed tensile method is generally larger than that measured by the drop weight method. The reason is that the tearing speed of the drop weight method is faster. During the high-speed impact process, the yarns in the fabric do not have more time to slide each other. , so that the tearing force triangle area becomes smaller and the number of stressed yarns is reduced, so the tearing strength is lower. Since the drop weight test is closer to the simulated consumption state and can better reflect the durability and toughness of the fabric after finishing, this method is mostly used for finished product inspection. The single seam method is generally used for fabrics with approximately equal warp and weft tear strengths, and the trapezoid method is suitable for testing fabrics with large differences in warp and weft tear strengths.
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