Leather is a substance prone to color migration. Color migration will not only affect the inherent color of leather, but also affect the color of objects in contact with it, resulting in obvious product quality defects. The leather rubbing color fastness
tester is used to test the dry and wet rubbing color fastness properties of various leathers. It is a test equipment for evaluating the quality of leather products. (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd. is the manufacturer. Main parameters: 1. Test head area: 15mm×15mm; 2. Weight of load block: 500g, 1000g; 3. Total mass of test column after loading: 1000g; 4. Friction stroke: 37mm; 5. Friction frequency: 40 times/min; 6. Reciprocation times: 0～999900; 7 .Power supply voltage: AC220V±10%, 50Hz. Test material: polyvinyl chloride film (white), the sample test frame is the same as the perspiration color fastness test sample frame, in which the weight of the weight is 4.5kg and the bottom size is 11.5cm×6cm. Glass plate size 8cm×5cm, the surface is flat. The oven is conventional and can control the temperature (50±2) °C. The tested leather samples are divided into automotive leather, furniture leather and shoe upper leather according to their application, with 10 pieces for each type. All samples were placed in a standard air environment for more than 24h before the experiment. Test project: 1. Determination of leather color migration At present, the detection method standards for color migration in leather are ISO 15701 and ASTM D5552. Among them, ISO 15701 uses polyvinyl chloride film as the sticky material, while ASTM D5552 uses white cotton lining as the sticky material, which needs to be soaked in distilled water before use. Comparatively speaking, the operation of ISO 15701 is simpler, and it is also widely used by tannery enterprises. This method standard is adopted in this experimental operation. Operation process: Use a die to cut the sample (20mm×30mm), and then stick the tested surface of the sample on the polyvinyl chloride film (referred to as PVC, 50mm×30mm), place the side to be tested face down, place the sample in the center between the two peel-off plates, put the plate into the device and place a 4.5kg weight on it, turn the device carefully while maintaining the pressure , move the weight to keep the sample at an average pressure of 750g/cm2 during the test, put the device into the oven, the oven temperature should be at (50±2) Within the range of ℃, place for 16h. The sample was removed from the device and left to cool at room temperature, then the sample and the PVC sheet were separated, and the coloration of the PVC sheet was evaluated with a gray sample card. The rating results of sticky color are given in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 251, and are divided into 5 grades, of which grade 5 indicates no stickiness and no color migration, and grade 1 indicates serious staining and obvious color migration. 2. Determination of leather color fastness to wet rubbing The determination of leather color fastness to wet rubbing is carried out in accordance with the requirements of QB/T 2537. Operation process: Fix the white felt after soaking and squeezing in deionized water on the test head (500g) of the rubbing color fastness tester, and then fix the leather sample on the test table of the instrument Stretch 10% in the rubbing direction; put down the test head with the felt, start the instrument, stop after 250 times, remove the felt, and rate the stickiness of the felt according to the requirements of GB/T 251. Results discussion: The color migration measurement results of the screened shoe upper leather, furniture leather and automobile leather are summarized in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3, respectively. Analysis of the data in Table 1 shows that the average color migration grade of the tested shoe upper leather is 3, indicating that the color migration in the samples is obvious, and the color migration of individual samples is serious (such as A02). The data in Table 2 shows that the average color migration grade of the tested furniture leather is between 4, indicating that there is a slight color migration in the sample. The data in Table 3 shows that the color migration grade of the tested automotive leather is basically between 4 and 5, indicating that the color in the sample has basically no migration.
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